An infinite tower of powers
Find the positive number for which the infinite power tower equals 2. The tower is defined as the limit of the sequence
Fractions, decimals with at least 3 significant digits, and expressions such as sqrt(2)/2, e^-1 or pi/4.
If the tower equals , then the exponent sitting on the first is itself the whole tower.
So . Then check that the sequence really converges to 2 for your .
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s Shown after a correct answer. Revealing it first marks the problem as seen, not solved.
Idea. The tower contains a copy of itself as its exponent, so its value satisfies . Solve for , then make sure the sequence actually converges to that value.
Step 1: the equation. With , , so .
Step 2: convergence. For , let and . If , then , and as long as (the function is positive on ). So the sequence increases and stays below 2; its limit satisfies , and the only solution in is .
So .
The trap. The same algebra for gives , so again. But the tower of converges to 2, not 4: the equation is necessary, not sufficient. In fact the tower converges only for , and its value is then at most , so no tower equals 4.